{"id":16186,"date":"2026-09-18T16:50:11","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T14:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.outscale.com\/?p=16186"},"modified":"2026-09-21T11:18:37","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T09:18:37","slug":"open-source-digital-commons-and-sovereignty-levers-for-the-public-sector","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.outscale.com\/en\/open-source-digital-commons-and-sovereignty-levers-for-the-public-sector\/","title":{"rendered":"Open source, digital commons and sovereignty: levers for the public sector"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"16186\" class=\"elementor elementor-16186 elementor-16174\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"penci-section penci-disSticky penci-structure-10 elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-39039200 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"39039200\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-100 penci-ercol-order-1 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-26afe9b9\" data-id=\"26afe9b9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25552bd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25552bd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<iframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/mYDYC2DPhyE?si=dAZ82GQUlHVG7Va9\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-feeeb1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"feeeb1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At OUTSCALE EXPERIENCES 2026, Julie Ripa, Co-Director of La Suite num\u00e9rique at the Interministerial Digital Directorate (DINUM), Florian Caringi, Deputy Head of Data &amp; Open Source, President of OW2 and Vice President of Tosit within the BPCE Group, and L\u00e9o Unbekandt, Co-Founder and Chief Technology Officer of Scalingo, discussed the role of open source and digital commons in digital sovereignty, particularly in the public sector.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open source and digital commons are playing an increasingly important role in public-sector digital sovereignty strategies. In particular, they enable public administrations to better control their technological dependencies, facilitate reversibility and pool their digital investments. Their effectiveness nevertheless depends on specific conditions: open governance, an active community, available skills and sustainable funding.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69f7a647 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"69f7a647\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Understanding open source and digital commons<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8520d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b8520d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Open source as a collaboration model<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be214b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be214b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open source refers to code distributed under a license that authorizes its use and, subject to the applicable conditions, its modification and redistribution. This approach is based on several core principles: transparency, collaboration and the ability to develop and innovate collectively.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In an open-source environment, value therefore lies not only in the code. It also depends on the communities that maintain it, the organizations that develop it and the stakeholders capable of integrating it into operational environments.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open source thus provides a shared technological foundation. It enables several companies, public administrations and contributors to work on common building blocks sometimes through cooperation, and sometimes through competition between service providers.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78d10643 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78d10643\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Digital commons rely on governance<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61550e37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61550e37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A digital common is a digital resource collectively managed by a group that defines its own rules. This resource may take different forms, including data, code, specifications or content.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wikipedia and Linux illustrate this approach. However, publishing software under an open-source license is not enough to create a digital common. The decisive factor is the community and governance organized around the resource.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A project becomes a common when several stakeholders can contribute to its maintenance, participate in decision-making and ensure its continuity. Governance must therefore define how contributions are made, how changes are approved and how the project is funded.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53489894 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"53489894\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Digital sovereignty as strategic autonomy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f70db82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f70db82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Controlling technological dependencies<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2abd25a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2abd25a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Digital sovereignty does not mean that an organization must produce all the hardware and software components it uses on its own. Such an approach would be difficult to achieve in practice, since no organization controls the entire digital value chain, from hardware to software.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rather, digital sovereignty is about having the ability to control and make informed choices. A sovereign organization must be able to:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">identify its technological and organizational dependencies;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">control its data and choose its tools;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">change providers when necessary;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">limit its dependence on a single supplier;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maintain the ability to respond to risks associated with its suppliers and technologies.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This approach can be described as strategic autonomy. It involves choosing one\u2019s dependencies, measuring their impact and building resilience solutions suited to the organization\u2019s activities.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db5ac7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db5ac7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Open source as a resilience lever<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c27d55c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c27d55c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open source contributes to this autonomy by reducing the risk of dependence on a single stakeholder. An open technology can be maintained, integrated or adapted by multiple actors, provided that a sufficiently robust ecosystem exists around the project.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This plurality facilitates reversibility. An organization can rely on different integrators, service providers or internal teams to operate the same technology. It therefore has greater room for maneuver in the event of price changes, license modifications, product discontinuation or strategic disagreement with its provider.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reversibility also depends on architectural choices. Open APIs, open software and widely adopted technologies make it easier to move a solution to another environment.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e74d64b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e74d64b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Public-sector strategies<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d23c4a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d23c4a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The \u201cpublic money, public code\u201d principle\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a07f08f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a07f08f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the public sector, opening up code reflects a desire to reuse collective investments. The \u201cpublic money, public code\u201d principle holds that code funded by taxpayers should be reusable by other public administrations, companies or citizens.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This approach pursues several objectives. It improves the transparency of public action, facilitates code review and creates opportunities for cooperation between public administrations. It also promotes innovation by enabling different stakeholders to reuse and adapt existing developments.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La <a href=\"https:\/\/lasuite.numerique.gouv.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Suite num\u00e9rique<\/a> illustrates this approach. This suite of collaborative tools for public-sector employees is developed as open source and operated by DINUM. It can be hosted on sovereign clouds, including <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.outscale.com\/cloud-experience\/cloud-souverain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OUTSCALE\u2019s SecNumCloud environment<\/a> or ministerial infrastructures.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c1c046 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c1c046\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pooling development at European level<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd41509 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd41509\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opening up code facilitates collaboration between public administrations in different countries. Tools developed to meet a public-sector need can be reused in other national contexts and then enhanced through new contributions.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This cooperation makes it possible to bring together resources around shared challenges, pool development efforts and reduce the costs associated with creating similar solutions. It also contributes to the emergence of European alternatives to major technology platforms.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, publishing the code is only a first step. For a public-sector solution to become a sustainable digital common, it must attract private companies, other public administrations and contributors from several countries.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9116e33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9116e33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Building a sustainable community<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c6a572 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9c6a572\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Open and inclusive governance<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e72bbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e72bbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The long-term viability of a digital common depends on the diversity and commitment of its ecosystem. A solution that remains entirely dependent on a single public administration or company retains a structural weakness, even when its code is open.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Governance must therefore organize the participation of different stakeholders. It should establish rules for reviewing contributions, prioritizing developments, resolving disagreements and maintaining essential components.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foundations and associations can play an important role in this organization. A foundation with open governance can bring together software publishers, integrators, users and public-sector stakeholders around common rules. An association can also facilitate the sharing of best practices, co-development and joint funding.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05e7c72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"05e7c72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cooperation and competition within the same ecosystem<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10d4137 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10d4137\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A digital common can bring together competing companies that contribute to the same technological building block. This logic of coopetition enables each stakeholder to develop its own services while improving a shared software infrastructure.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PostgreSQL is an example of a technology around which several companies can offer services, integrations or support. Competition between these stakeholders helps strengthen the underlying technology and increases the range of options available to users.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The community then extends beyond the project\u2019s initial offering. It transforms open-source software into a widely adopted, maintained and usable resource for multiple organizations.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8b9b30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f8b9b30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Assessing open-source risks<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f360e6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f360e6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Distinguishing open source, source-available and open core<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-debbda9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"debbda9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The term \u201copen source\u201d can cover different realities. Some software publishers offer an open version of their software while reserving essential features for proprietary modules. This model, often called open core, can limit the user\u2019s actual freedom.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A thorough assessment should therefore examine:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the license applicable to the code;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the features available in the open version;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the terms governing commercial use;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the project\u2019s governance;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the diversity of its contributors;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">its maintenance and support arrangements;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the community\u2019s ability to continue the project.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Software may be publicly accessible while remaining highly dependent on a single company. The project\u2019s long-term viability must therefore be assessed alongside its license and technical characteristics.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae2e388 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ae2e388\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Monitoring project vitality<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-094a452 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"094a452\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opening up the code does not guarantee software continuity. A project may be technically promising while depending on a very small team or a limited number of contributors. If the company maintaining it changes its strategy, abandons the product or changes its license, users may face significant operational risk.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organizations must therefore assess the vitality of communities, the frequency of contributions, the diversity of maintainers and the existence of stakeholders capable of ensuring the project\u2019s continuity. This approach is part of the broader management of software supply-chain risks.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3edc61f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3edc61f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Understanding licenses and forks<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbc3981 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fbc3981\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A license applies to code at a given point in time. If the project owner subsequently changes the license, code already released under the previous license remains subject to the rights defined at that time, subject to the specific terms of the license concerned.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A fork consists of creating a new branch of a project from an existing version and continuing its development along a separate path. This possibility enables a community to keep developing software when its governance, license or strategic direction no longer meets its needs.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A fork does not eliminate legal constraints. The new project inherits the obligations of the license governing the reused code. Some licenses are compatible with one another, while others impose specific restrictions on redistribution, commercial use or research.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Companies can rely on an Open Source Program Office to manage these issues over time. This function helps structure license analysis, contribution management and compliance with open-source usage requirements.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b749f31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b749f31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Security and maintenance of critical components<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fefe94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3fefe94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Automated analysis is changing the scale of cybersecurity<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3f6250 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c3f6250\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Artificial-intelligence tools capable of analyzing code can help detect vulnerabilities in open-source projects. They also lower the barrier to entry for developers who want to contribute to existing projects.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, this development increases the volume of potential issues that must be addressed. Projects may receive more reports, fixes and contributions, with varying levels of quality. Teams must therefore strengthen their review, assessment and prioritization processes.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For operators of large infrastructures, the growing number of vulnerabilities requires shorter response times. Security becomes an organizational capability based on monitoring, coordination and the availability of teams able to intervene quickly.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-331206e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"331206e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funding essential components<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6ea48e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6ea48e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A large share of proprietary software and digital services relies on open-source building blocks. The robustness of these components is therefore a collective concern for public administrations, companies and users.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organizations that use these projects must contribute to their long-term sustainability. This contribution can take several forms:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">direct funding for foundations and projects;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.outscale.com\/open-source\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">code contributions and vulnerability fixes<\/a>;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">provision of expertise;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">participation in governance;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">support for training and talent development.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">European funding mechanisms dedicated to maintaining digital commons can reinforce this dynamic. They help support sovereign and open-source projects that provide collective value but have limited resources.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-064fd05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"064fd05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Creating value with open source<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de50ef4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"de50ef4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Value also lies in operation<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae5648c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae5648c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open source can support viable business models. Commercial value often comes from the services surrounding the software: integration, hosting, operations, support, maintenance, security and scaling.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A company can therefore use open-source technology while providing specialized operational expertise. It helps customers deploy the software, keep it running in production and adapt it to their specific requirements.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This approach is particularly relevant for managed services. Customers benefit from open technology and professional support to operate it over the long term.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dadd83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dadd83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Developing European alternatives<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-429b2e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"429b2e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open source can also support the creation of European technology companies. Platforms such as Scalingo rely on open-source components and provide environments that enable customers to test, deploy and operate these technologies.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The use of open software and open APIs strengthens the reversibility of the services offered. Customers can retain the ability to change providers and reduce their exposure to proprietary interfaces.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This proposition addresses the growing expectations of public- and private-sector organizations seeking to limit their dependence on major technology platforms. It combines open technology with operational, support and security expertise.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a22f34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3a22f34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Three priorities for organizations<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03849ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03849ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To turn open source into a lever for digital sovereignty, organizations can focus their efforts on three priorities:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">map technological dependencies, licenses and critical stakeholders;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">contribute to the projects used by the organization through code, funding or expertise;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">participate in governance structures capable of ensuring the continuity and evolution of digital commons.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This approach must involve IT, legal, procurement, security and business teams. Digital sovereignty is an organization-wide strategy combining architecture, governance, skills and funding.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db0dfd0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db0dfd0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17ba4a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17ba4a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open source and digital commons are essential levers of strategic autonomy. They facilitate reversibility, resource sharing, transparency and supplier diversification, while encouraging the emergence of European technology ecosystems.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Their effectiveness nevertheless depends on organizations moving beyond the simple consumption of open software. Sustainable digital sovereignty requires active communities, inclusive governance, local expertise and regular funding. Open source is not free: it relies on contributions, shared responsibilities and investments capable of ensuring the continuity of critical digital building blocks.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At OUTSCALE EXPERIENCES 2026, Julie Ripa, Co-Director of La Suite num\u00e9rique at the Interministerial Digital Directorate&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16176,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[368,35,356],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-outscale-experiences","category-sovereignty","category-tech"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How do open source and digital commons strengthen public sector sovereignty? 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